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With research staff from more than 70 countries, and offices across the globe, IFPRI provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition in developing countries.

researcher spotlight

Danielle Resnick

Danielle Resnick is a Senior Research Fellow in the Markets, Trade, and Institutions Unit and a Non-Resident Fellow in the Global Economy and Development Program at the Brookings Institution. Her research focuses on the political economy of agricultural policy and food systems, governance, and democratization, drawing on extensive fieldwork and policy engagement across Africa and South Asia.

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Since 1975, IFPRI’s research has been informing policies and development programs to improve food security, nutrition, and livelihoods around the world.

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IFPRI currently has more than 480 employees working in over 70 countries with a wide range of local, national, and international partners.

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experts

Director General’s Office (DGO)

Joseph Glauber

Research Fellow Emeritus

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Bio

Joe Glauber is a Research Fellow Emeritus in the Director General’s Office. His areas of interest are price volatility, global grain reserves, crop insurance, and trade.

Prior to joining IFPRI, Joe spent over 30 years at the U.S. Department of Agriculture, including as Chief Economist from 2008 to 2014. As Chief Economist, he was responsible for the Department’s agricultural forecasts and projections; oversaw climate, energy, and regulatory issues; and served as Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation. From 2007 to 2009, Joe was the Special Doha Agricultural Envoy at the office of the U.S. Trade Representative where he served as Chief Agricultural Negotiator in the Doha talks. He served as economic adviser at the “Blair House agreements,” leading to the completion of the Uruguay Round negotiations.

Joe is the author of numerous studies on crop insurance, disaster policy, and US farm policy. In 2012, he was elected Fellow of the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association. He received his PhD in Agricultural Economics from the University of Wisconsin and holds an bachelor’s degree in Anthropology from the University of Chicago.

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Publications

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Report

Market concentration in agricultural industries

2026Goodwin, Barry K.; Glauber, Joseph W.
Details

Market concentration in agricultural industries

Mergers and acquisitions in agricultural input industries have led to high levels of concentration such that a small number of firms account for most sales. We examine the concentration in seed, fertilizer, and livestock markets. Policymakers have raised concerns that such concentration may worsen consumers’ and farmers’ welfare. Agricultural market concentration might increase market power, but it might also result from economies of scale, in which case aggregate welfare may improve. The ongoing debate over tariffs has complicated the situation since higher tariffs, as well as antidumping and countervailing duties, might increase input costs for farmers.

Year published

2026

Authors

Goodwin, Barry K.; Glauber, Joseph W.

Citation

Goodwin, Barry K.; and Glauber, Joseph W. 2026. Market concentration in agricultural industries. AEI Report. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute. https://www.aei.org/research-products/report/market-concentration-in-agricultural-industries/

Country/Region

United States

Keywords

Northern America; Americas; Markets; Imperfect Competition; Market Structure; Monopolies; Agro-industrial Sector; Inputs; Farm Inputs; Market Concentration

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Record type

Report

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Working Paper

Rewriting the rules: How U.S. tariff paths could reshape global trade

2025Piñeiro, Valeria; Gianatiempo, Juan Pablo; Rueda, Jorge Armando; Glauber, Joseph W.
Details

Rewriting the rules: How U.S. tariff paths could reshape global trade

This paper examines how the recent shift in United States tariff policy could reshape global agricultural trade and influence the stability of food systems worldwide. Using the MIRAGRODEP computable general equilibrium model, the analysis evaluates three policy scenarios that reflect the current trajectory of trade tensions: the North America scenario, the Liberation Day tariff package, and a renewed U.S.–China tariff confrontation. The scenario results reveal distinct lessons. The North America scenario shows that deeply integrated regional markets are extremely sensitive to tariff shocks, and even moderate tariff increases within North America lead to significant disruptions in agricultural trade and measurable welfare losses for Canada and Mexico. The Liberation Day scenario demonstrates that unilateral tariff escalation reduces U.S. competitiveness across a wide range of agricultural products and triggers substantial trade diversion toward countries with preferential access, particularly Mexico, which becomes the primary beneficiary of redirected U.S. import demand. The China scenario highlights that renewed U.S.–China tariff escalation produces severe distortions, especially in oilseed markets, as prohibitive tariffs drive China to shift its purchases almost entirely toward South American suppliers, sharply lowering U.S. export prices and fragmenting global supply chains. Across all scenarios, global agricultural trade contracts, supply chains become less efficient, and food systems become more exposed to climate and geopolitical shocks. These findings underscore the need for predictable and coordinated trade policies that limit uncertainty rather than amplify it. Strengthening trade diversification, investing in supply chain resilience, and aligning economic and geopolitical objectives remain essential for safeguarding global food security in an increasingly unstable trade environment.

Year published

2025

Authors

Piñeiro, Valeria; Gianatiempo, Juan Pablo; Rueda, Jorge Armando; Glauber, Joseph W.

Citation

Piñeiro, Valeria; Gianatiempo, Juan Pablo; Rueda, Jorge Armando; and Glauber, Joseph W. 2025. Rewriting the rules: How U.S. tariff paths could reshape global trade. IFPRI Discussion Paper 2379. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178193

Country/Region

United States

Keywords

Northern America; Trade; Tariffs; Food Security; Food Prices; Computable General Equilibrium Models

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Record type

Working Paper

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Opinion Piece

Fertilizers under pressure as U.S. tariffs reshape global input trade

2025Piñeiro, Valeria; Glauber, Joseph W.; Gianatiempo, Juan Pablo
Details

Fertilizers under pressure as U.S. tariffs reshape global input trade

While food markets often dominate the headlines when trade tensions rise, the fertilizer market offers another way of looking at how agricultural systems absorb and respond to global policy shocks. Fertilizers are the backbone of modern food production, linking global energy markets, industrial supply chains, and agricultural productivity. When trade disruptions hit this sector, the consequences extend far beyond farm costs, influencing yields, price stability, and food security worldwide.

Year published

2025

Authors

Piñeiro, Valeria; Glauber, Joseph W.; Gianatiempo, Juan Pablo

Citation

Piñeiro, Valeria; Glauber, Joseph W.; and Gianatiempo, Juan Pablo. 2025. Fertilizers under pressure as U.S. tariffs reshape global input trade. Fertilizer Focus November/December 2025: p. 34-37. https://www.flipsnack.com/fruitjuicefocus/fertilizerfocus_nov-dec_2025_final_highres/full-view.html?p=34

Keywords

Fertilizers; Tariffs; Trade; Inputs

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Record type

Opinion Piece

Events

Navigating Risk: Challenges in Agricultural Commodity Shipping and Insurance Markets
IFPRI Policy Seminar

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February 18, 2026, 9:30 – 11:00 am

Navigating Risk: Challenges in Agricultural Commodity Shipping and Insurance Markets

Please type your questions into the chat box with name, affiliation, and country. The event video, presenter slides, and podcast will be available in the days following the event. Shipping is at the heart of global agricultural trade, with more than 80 percent of staple crops and oilseeds moving by sea, yet maritime routes have […]

Navigating the Food Security Nexus: Commodity Prices, Inflation, and Exchange Rates
IFPRI Policy Seminar

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October 21, 2025, 9:30 – 11:00 am

Navigating the Food Security Nexus: Commodity Prices, Inflation, and Exchange Rates

Join us for a seminar exploring the complex interplay between global food commodity prices and domestic food price inflation, and the implications for food security. Drawing on recent analytical work and market monitoring, the session will examine how international price movements transmit through domestic markets, often exacerbated by exchange rate fluctuations and macroeconomic volatility.  Fluctuations […]

Fertilizers in a Shifting Global Landscape – Trends, Trade, and Sustainability
IFPRI Policy Seminar

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September 16, 2025, 9:30 – 11:00 am

Fertilizers in a Shifting Global Landscape – Trends, Trade, and Sustainability

Fertilizers—both mineral and organic—are indispensable inputs in modern agriculture. Yet, recent years have seen unprecedented volatility in fertilizer prices, trade flows, and policy responses, reshaping the landscape for producers, traders, and farmers alike. This event will explore the evolving dynamics of the global fertilizer market and its critical role in food security and agricultural sustainability. […]

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News

June 12, 2025 | Press Release

New special issue of Food Policy examines fertilizer and soil health policies in the wake of global crises

Key findings were presented and discussed during the IFPRI policy seminar on June 11.

January 06, 2025 | In the News

Global Food Costs in 2025: Interview with Joseph Glauber (CGTN America)

In a video interview with CGTN America, Joseph Glauber, Research Fellow Emeritus at IFPRI, explains the dynamics of global food prices. He emphasizes that the FAO Food Price Index measures commodity prices (e.g., grains, meat, vegetable oils) rather than retail food prices. Although commodity prices have generally decreased since their 2022 peaks, retail prices remain high […]

January 25, 2024 | In the News

The timing of the Red Sea attacks could not be worse for Democrats (Politico)

Senior research fellow Joseph Glauber is quoted in a Politico story about how the growing military conflict in a key trade corridor is threatening to unleash economic havoc on the global economy ahead of November. “If energy prices go up and remain high, you’d see food inflation persisting,” said Joe Glauber. He added that potential […]

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